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2017年上半年多媒体应用设计师上午试卷综合知识

分类:软考/中级_多媒体应用设计师    来源:软考

1
 
CPU执行算术运算或者逻辑运算时,常将源操作数和结果暂存在(1)中。
 
 
  A.  程序计数器(PC)
 
  B.  累加器(AC)
 
  C.  指令寄存器(IR)
 
  D.  地址寄存器(AR)
 
 
2
 
要判断字长为16位的整数a的低四位是否全为0,则(2)。
 
 
  A.  将a与OxOOOF进行“逻辑与”运算,然后判断运算结果是否等于0
 
  B.  将a与OxOOOF进行“逻辑或”运算,然后判断运算结果是否等于F
 
  C.  将a与OxFFFO进行“逻辑异或”运算,然后判断运算结果是否等于0
 
  D.  将a与OxFFFO进行“逻辑与”运算,然后判断运算结果是否等于F
 
 
3
 
计算机系统中常用的输入/输出控制方式有无条件传送、中断、程序查询和DMA方式等。当采用(3)方式时,不需要CPU执行程序指令来传送数据。
 
 
  A.  中断
 
  B.  程序查询
 
  C.  无条件传送
 
  D.  DMA
 
 
4
 
某系统由下图所示的冗余部件构成。若每个部件的千小时可靠度都为R,则该系统的千小时可靠度为(4)。
 
 
  A.  (1-R3)(l-R2
 
  B.  (1-(1-R)3)(1-(1-R)2
 
  C.  (1-R3)+(l-R2
 
  D.  (1-(1-R)3)+(1-(1-R)2
 
 
5
 
已知数据信息为16位,最少应附加(5)位校验位,才能实现海明码纠错。
 
 
  A.  3
 
  B.  4
 
  C.  5
 
  D.  6
 
 
6
 
以下关于Cache(高速缓冲存储器)的叙述中,不正确的是(6)。
 
 
  A.  Cache的设置扩大了主存的容量
 
  B.  Cache的内容是主存部分内容的拷贝
 
  C.  Cache的命中率并不随其容量增大线性地提高
 
  D.  Cache位于主存与CPU之间
 
 
7
 
HTTPS使用(7)协议对报文进行封装。
 
 
  A.  SSH
 
  B.  SSL
 
  C.  SHA-1
 
  D.  SET
 
 
8
 
以下加密算法中适合对大量的明文消息进行加密传输的是(8)。
 
 
  A.  RSA
 
  B.  SHA-1
 
  C.  MD5
 
  D.  RC5
 
 
9
 
假定用户A、B分别在I1和I2两个CA处取得了各自的证书,下面(9)是A、B互信的必要条件。
 
 
  A.  A、B互换私钥
 
  B.  A、B互换公钥
 
  C.  I1、I2互换私钥
 
  D.  I1、I2互换公钥
 
 
10
 
甲软件公司受乙企业委托安排公司软件设计师开发了信息系统管理软件,由于在委托开发合同中未对软件著作权归属作出明确的约定,所以该信息系统管理软件的著作权由(10)享有。
 
 
  A.  甲
 
  B.  乙
 
  C.  甲与乙共同
 
  D.  软件设计师
 
 
11
 
根据我国商标法,下列商品中必须使用注册商标的是(11)。
 
 
  A.  医疗仪器
 
  B.  墙壁涂料
 
  C.  无糖食品
 
  D.  烟草制品
 
 
12
 
甲、乙两人在同一天就同样的发明创造提交了专利申请,专利局将分别向各申请人通报有关情况,并提出多种可能采用的解决办法。下列说法中,不可能采用(12)。
 
 
  A.  甲、乙作为共同申请人
 
  B.  甲或乙一方放弃权利并从另一方得到适当的补偿
 
  C.  甲、乙都不授予专利权
 
  D.  甲、乙都授予专利权
 
 
13
 
以下各项中,(13)不属于性能测试。
 
 
  A.  用户并发测试
 
  B.  响应时间测试
 
  C.  负载测试
 
  D.  兼容性测试
 
 
14
 
图标设计的准则不包括(14)。
 
 
  A.  准确表达相应的操作,让用户易于理解
 
  B.  使用户易于区别不同的图标,易于选择
 
  C.  力求精细、高光和完美质感,接近实物
 
  D.  同一软件所用的图标应具有统一的风格
 
 
15
 
在采用结构化开发方法进行软件开发时,设计阶段接口设计主要依据需求分析阶段的(15)。接口设计的任务主要是(16)。
 
 
  A.  数据流图
 
  B.  E-R图
 
  C.  状态-迁移图
 
  D.  加工规格说明
 
 
16
 
在采用结构化开发方法进行软件开发时,设计阶段接口设计主要依据需求分析阶段的(15)。接口设计的任务主要是(16)。
 
 
  A.  定义软件的主要结构元素及其之间的关系
 
  B.  确定软件涉及的文件系统的结构及数据库的表结构
 
  C.  描述软件与外部环境之间的交互关系,软件内模块之间的调用关系
 
  D.  确定软件各个模块内部的算法和数据结构
 
 
17
 
某软件项目的活动图如下图所示,其中顶点表示项目里程碑,连接顶点的边表示包含的活动,边上的数字表示活动的持续时间(天),则完成该项目的最少时间为(17)天。活动BD和HK最早可以从第(18)天开始(活动AB、AE和AC最早从第1天开始)。
 
 
  A.  17
 
  B.  18
 
  C.  19
 
  D.  20
 
 
18
 
某软件项目的活动图如下图所示,其中顶点表示项目里程碑,连接顶点的边表示包含的活动,边上的数字表示活动的持续时间(天),则完成该项目的最少时间为(17)天。活动BD和HK最早可以从第(18)天开始(活动AB、AE和AC最早从第1天开始)。
 
 
  A.  3和10
 
  B.  4和11
 
  C.  3和9
 
  D.  4和10
 
 
19
 
在进行软件开发时,采用无主程序员的开发小组,成员之间相互平等;而主程序员负责制的开发小组,由一个主程序员和若干成员组成,成员之间没有沟通。在一个由8名开发人员构成的小组中,无主程序员组和主程序员组的沟通路径分别是(19)。
 
 
  A.  32和8
 
  B.  32和7
 
  C.  28和8
 
  D.  28和7
 
 
20
 
在高级语言源程序中,常需要用户定义的标识符为程序中的对象命名,常见的命名对象有(20)。
①关键字(或保留字)②变量③函数④数据类型⑤注释
 
 
  A.  ①②③
 
  B.  ②③④
 
  C.  ①③⑤
 
  D.  ②④⑤
 
 
21
 
操作系统中进程的三态模型如下图所示,图中的a、b和c处应分别填写(21)。
 
 
  A.  阻塞、就绪、运行
 
  B.  运行、阻塞、就绪
 
  C.  就绪、阻塞、运行
 
  D.  就绪、运行、阻塞
 
 
22
 
某系统中有3个并发进程竞争资源R,每个进程都需要5个R,那么至少有(22)个R,才能保证系统不会发生死锁。
 
 
  A.  12
 
  B.  13
 
  C.  14
 
  D.  15
 
 
23
 
通常一个健全人感知到的70%左右的信息是通过(23)得到的。
 
 
  A.  视觉
 
  B.  听觉
 
  C.  嗅觉
 
  D.  触觉
 
 
24
 
“VRML”中的VR是指(24)。
 
 
  A.  虚拟现实
 
  B.  虚拟响应
 
  C.  视频光栅
 
  D.  视觉反映
 
 
25
 
常用的计算机数字音乐合成技术主要有两种,其中(25)合成技术的音质更好。
 
 
  A.  FM (调频)
 
  B.  AM (调幅)
 
  C.  PM (调相)
 
  D.  Wave Table (波表)
 
 
26
 
信号数字化的量化精度提高2位会使得信号量化噪声比(SQNR) (26)。
 
 
  A.  提高约12dB
 
  B.  提高256倍
 
  C.  降低约12dB
 
  D.  降低256倍
 
 
27
 
日常使用的CD唱片采用的声音信号数字化参数是(27)。
 
 
  A.  采样频率16kHz,8位量化精度
 
  B.  采样频率22kHz,16位量化精度
 
  C.  采样频率44.1kHz, 8位量化精度
 
  D.  采样频率44.1kHz,16位量化精度
 
 
28
 
以下关于MIDI的描述中,正确的是(28)。
 
 
  A.  一条MIDI消息能使MIDI乐器发出多个音符音,MIDI乐器的同一种乐器音色能同时发出不同音阶的声音
 
  B.  一条MIDI消息不能使MIDI乐器发出多个音符音,MIDI乐器的同一种乐 器音色不能同时发出不同音阶的声音
 
  C.  一条MIDI消息能使MIDI乐器发出多个音符音,MIDI乐器的同一种乐器 音色不能同时发出不同音阶的声音
 
  D.  —条MIDI消息不能使MIDI乐器发出多个音符音,MIDI乐器的同•种乐 器音色能同时发出不同音阶的声音
 
 
29
 
中国大陆使用的彩色电视制式是(29)制式,这种制式的彩色全电视信号使用的颜色模型是(30)。
 
 
  A.  NTSC
 
  B.  PAL
 
  C.  YIQ
 
  D.  SECAM
 
 
30
 
中国大陆使用的彩色电视制式是(29)制式,这种制式的彩色全电视信号使用的颜色模型是(30)。
 
 
  A.  RGB
 
  B.  YCrCb
 
  C.  CMY
 
  D.  YUV
 
 
31
 
以下关于不同模拟视频信号的叙述中,不正确的是(31)。
 
 
  A.  分量视频信号比复合视频信号的彩色还原能力差
 
  B.  S-video信号和复合视频信号中色差信号都是混合的
 
  C.  复合视频信号传送1路信号,S-video传送2路信号,分量视频传送3路信号
 
  D.  S-video信号中亮度信号与色差信号之间没有干扰
 
 
32
 
BT.601标准中定义的CIF视频格式其图像亮度分辨率为(32),帧速率为(33)。
 
 
  A.  352×288
 
  B.  720×480
 
  C.  320×240
 
  D.  160×120
 
 
33
 
BT.601标准中定义的CIF视频格式其图像亮度分辨率为(32),帧速率为(33)。
 
 
  A.  15帧/秒
 
  B.  50帧/秒
 
  C.  25帧/秒
 
  D.  30帧/秒
 
 
34
 
在HSI彩色空间中使用亮度、色调和饱和度三个参数描述颜色特性,其中(34)是某种波长的彩色光纯度的反映。
 
 
  A.  色调
 
  B.  饱和度
 
  C.  灰度
 
  D.  亮度
 
 
35
 
彩色喷墨打印机使用CMYK颜色模型,黄色墨水打印在白纸上,在红光下看起来应该是(35)。
 
 
  A.  黄色
 
  B.  红色
 
  C.  蓝色
 
  D.  绿色
 
 
36
 
使用150DPI的扫描分辨率扫描一幅彩色照片得到了一幅450×600像素的数字图像,那么这张照片的实际尺寸应该是(36)。
 
 
  A.  450mm×600mm
 
  B.  3英寸×4英寸
 
  C.  3cm×4cm
 
  D.  6英寸×8英寸
 
 
37
 
使用图像编辑软件设计好广告图片后,应当使用(37)颜色模型输出印刷胶片。
 
 
  A.  CMYK
 
  B.  RGB
 
  C.  HSI
 
  D.  Lab
 
 
38
 
某数码相机的分辨率设定为1280×1024像素,颜色深度为24位,若采用不压缩的原始数据存储,则容量为512MB的存储卡最多可以存储(38)张照片。
 
 
  A.  409
 
  B.  130
 
  C.  17
 
  D.  136
 
 
39
 
对于5位的灰度图像,在1位的打印机上使用均匀抖动方式至少需要(39)的抖动矩阵。
 
 
  A.  4×4
 
  B.  5×5
 
  C.  6×6
 
  D.  7×7
 
 
40
 
以下图像文件格式中的(40)文件包含图层信息和alpha通道信息。
 
 
  A.  JPEG
 
  B.  BMP
 
  C.  PSD
 
  D.  PCX
 
 
41
 
很多PC机的显示卡和显示器支持32位真彩色模式,这种模式中R、G、B数据各占8位,其余8位表示的是(41)信息。
 
 
  A.  亮度
 
  B.  对比度
 
  C.  饱和度
 
  D.  透明度
 
 
42
 
以下有关LZW编码方法的叙述中,正确的是(42)。
 
 
  A.  LZW编码是一种有损压缩方法
 
  B.  1.编码过程中需要根据符号出现的概率来进行编码
 
  C.  2.编码过程中需要建立“词典”
 
  D.  LZW编码方法不能用于静态图像压缩
 
 
43
 
下列变换编码方法中应用于JPEG标准中的是(43)算法。
 
 
  A.  K-L变换
 
  B.  离散正弦变换
 
  C.  离散余弦变换
 
  D.  离散傅利叶变换
 
 
44
 
图像的色度子采样技术利用人眼对色度和亮度的敏感度不同,通过降低色度采样频率来降低数据量,MPEG-1标准中采用了(44)图像色度子采样方案。
 
 
  A.  4:2:2
 
  B.  4:2:0
 
  C.  4:1:1
 
  D.  4:4:4
 
 
45
 
JPEG标准中定义了(45)种编码模式。
 
 
  A.  1
 
  B.  3
 
  C.  4
 
  D.  5
 
 
46
 
在ISO制定的MPEG系列标准中,(46)提出了基于视频对象(VO)的压缩编码方法。
 
 
  A.  MPEG-2
 
  B.  MPEG-4
 
  C.  MPEG-7
 
  D.  MPEG-21
 
 
47
 
以下对预测编码的描述中,(47)是错误的。
 
 
  A.  预测编码利用的是相邻离散数据之间的强相关性
 
  B.  预测编码可以是无损的,也可以是有损的编码
 
  C.  预测编码是对实际值和预测值的差值进行编码
 
  D.  带有量化器的预测编码属于无失真编码
 
 
48
 
目前最为流行的数字化音乐格式是MP3音乐,MP3指的是(48)。
 
 
  A.  MPEG-3
 
  B.  MPEG-1 Audio Layer3
 
  C.  Dolby-AC3
 
  D.  3D声场
 
 
49
 
MPEG-1标准里视频压缩编码中的(49)帧可以消除视频信号中的时间冗余信息。
 
 
  A.  P和B
 
  B.  I和P
 
  C.  I和B
 
  D.  I、P和B
 
 
50
 
多媒体框架标准(MultimediaFramework)指的是(50)标准。
 
 
  A.  MPEG-1
 
  B.  MPEG-2
 
  C.  MPEG-4
 
  D.  MPEG-21
 
 
51
 
可以使用(51)作为MPEG-7标准中DDL的可选语言。
 
 
  A.  XML
 
  B.  HTML
 
  C.  VRML
 
  D.  SMIL
 
 
52
 
IP网络上针对多媒体应用的扩展协议中,(52)定义在同一个RFC中,通常多媒体网络应用中两者一起使用。
 
 
  A.  RSVP和RTSP
 
  B.  RSVP和RTP
 
  C.  RTP和RTCP
 
  D.  RTSP和RTCP
 
 
53
 
ITU制定的视频会议系列标准中,(53)系列标准专用于综合业务数据网(ISDN)的视频会议场合。
 
 
  A.  H.320
 
  B.  H.323
 
  C.  H.324
 
  D.  H.264
 
 
54
 
在H.323系列标准中,(54)不是必需的,但如果其存在,则H.323终端必须使用其提供的呼叫控制等功能。
 
 
  A.  网关(Gateway)
 
  B.  会务器(Gatekeeper)
 
  C.  多点控制单元(MCU)
 
  D.  终端(Terminal)
 
 
55
 
在模拟有线电视系统中,能够通过一根入户同轴电缆传送多个频道的电视节目信号是因为采用了(55)技术。
 
 
  A.  数字编码
 
  B.  视频压缩
 
  C.  频分多路复用
 
  D.  时分多路复用
 
 
56
 
TCP/IP协议栈可以支持IP上的Multicast,其通过(56)协议实现Multicast的组管理。
 
 
  A.  .ICMP
 
  B.  IGMP
 
  C.  RTCP
 
  D.  SNMP
 
 
57
 
DVD视盘中视频的编码规范使用了(57),单面双层的DVD视盘容量约为(58)。
 
 
  A.  MPEG-1
 
  B.  MPEG-2
 
  C.  MPEG-4
 
  D.  MPEG-7
 
 
58
 
DVD视盘中视频的编码规范使用了(57),单面双层的DVD视盘容量约为(58)。
 
 
  A.  4.7GB
 
  B.  8.5GB
 
  C.  2.4GB
 
  D.  17GB
 
 
59
 
下列软件产品中最适合作为图像处理工具的软件是(59)。
 
 
  A.  Director
 
  B.  Photoshop
 
  C.  Visual Studio
 
  D.  3ds Max
 
 
60
 
通常CD-ROM驱动器的最高传输速率用x倍速来表示,如52x倍速,那么作为速率基准的单倍速指的是(60)。
 
 
  A.  3Mb/s
 
  B.  1.23Mb/s
 
  C.  1Mb/s
 
  D.  2.4Mb/s
 
 
61
 
通常把CSCW系统的分类表示成一个三维空间。其中一维表示时间坐标、一维表示空间坐标、一维表示群体规模坐标,那么E-mail群发通信属于(61)。
 
 
  A.  时间坐标是同步的,空间坐标是分散的,群体规模是多人
 
  B.  时间坐标是同步的,空间坐标是集中的,群体规模是两人
 
  C.  时间坐标是异步的,空间坐标是集中的,群体规模是多人
 
  D.  时间坐标是异步的,空间坐标是分散的,群体规模是多人
 
 
62
 
已知栈S初始为空,用I表示入栈、O表示出栈,若入栈序列为a1a2a3a4a5,则通过栈S得到出栈序列a2a4a5a3a1的合法操作序列(62)。
 
 
  A.  IIOIIOIOOO
 
  B.  IOIOIOIOIO
 
  C.  IOOIIOIOIO
 
  D.  IIOOIOIOOO
 
 
63
 
某二叉树的先序遍历序列为ABCDEF,中序遍历序列为BADCFE,则该二叉树的高度(即层数)为(63)。
 
 
  A.  3
 
  B.  4
 
  C.  5
 
  D.  6
 
 
64
 
对于n个元素的关键字序列,当且仅当满足关系ki≤K2i且ki≤K2i+1时称其为小根堆(小顶堆)。以下序列中,(64)不是小根堆。
 
 
  A.  16,25,40,55,30,50,45
 
  B.  16,40,25,50,45,30,55
 
  C.  16,25,39,41,45,43,50
 
  D.  16,40,25,53,39,55,45
 
 
65
 
在12个互异元素构成的有序数组a[1..12]中进行二分查找(即折半查找,向下取整),若待查找的元素正好等于a[9],则在此过程中,依次与数组中的(65)比较后,查找成功结束。
 
 
  A.  a[6]、a[7]、a[8]、a[9]
 
  B.  a[6]、a[9]
 
  C.  a[6]、a[7]、a[9]
 
  D.  a[6]、a[8]、a[9]
 
 
66
 
在浏览器地址栏输入一个正确的网址后,本地主机将首先在(66)中查询该网址对应的IP地址。
 
 
  A.  本地DNS缓存
 
  B.  本机hosts文件
 
  C.  本地DNS服务器
 
  D.  根域名服务器
 
 
67
 
下面关于Linux目录的描述中,正确的是(67)。
 
 
  A.  Linux只有一个根目录,用“root”表示
 
  B.  Linux中有多个根目录,用“/”加相应目录名称表示
 
  C.  Linux中只有一个根目录,用“/”表示
 
  D.  Linux中有多个根目录,用相应目录名称表示
 
 
68
 
以下关于TCP/IP协议栈中协议和层次的对应关系正确的是(68)。以下关于TCP/IP协议栈中协议和层次的对应关系正确的是.(68)。
 
 
  A. 
 
  B. 
 
  C. 
 
  D. 
 
 
69
 
在异步通信中,每个字符包含1位起始位、7位数据位和2位终止位,若每秒钟传送500个字符,则有效数据速率为(69)。
 
 
  A.  500b/s
 
  B.  700b/s
 
  C.  3500b/s
 
  D.  5000b/s
 
 
70
 
以下路由策略中,依据网络信息经常更新路由的是(70)。
 
 
  A.  静态路由
 
  B.  洪泛式
 
  C.  随机路由
 
  D.  自适应路由
 
 
71
 
The beauty of software is in its function,in its internal structure,and in the way in which it is created by a team.To a user,a program with just the right features presented through an intuitive and(71)interface is beautiful.To a software designer,an internal structure that is partitioned in a simple and intuitive manner,and that minimizes internal coupling is beautiful.To developers and managers,a motivated team of developers making significant progress every week,and producing defect-free code,is beautifUl?There is beauty on all these levels.
Our world needs software-lots of software.Fifty years ago software was something that ran in a few big and expensive machines.Thirty years ago it was something that ran in most companies and industrial settings.Now there is software running in our cell phones,watches,appliances,automobiles,toys,and tools.And need for new and better software never(72).As our civilization grows and expands,as developing nations build their infrastructures,as developed nations strive to achieve ever greater efficiencies,the need for more and more software(73)to increase.It would be a great shame if,in all that software,there was no beauty.
We know that software can be ugly.We know that it can be hard to use,unreliable,and carelessly structured.We know that there are software systems whose tangled and careless internal structures make them expensive and difficult to change.We know that there are software systems that present their features through an awkward and cumbersome interface.We know that there are software systems that crash and misbehave.These are(74)systems.Unfortunately,as a profession,software developers tend to create more ugly systems than beauti ful ones.
There is a secret that the best software developers know.Beauty is cheaper than ugliness.Beauty is faster than ugliness.A beautifiil software system can be built and maintained in less time,and for less money,than an ugly one.Novice software developers don't understand this.They think that they have to do everything fast and quick.They think that beauty is(75).No!By doing things fast and quick,they make messes that make the software stiff,and hard to understand.Beautiful systems are flexible and easy to understand.Building them and maintaining them is a joy.It is ugliness that is impractical.Ugliness will slow you down and make your software expensive and brittle.Beautiful systems cost the least to build and maintain,and are delivered soonest.
 
 
  A.  simple
 
  B.  hard
 
  C.  complex
 
  D.  duplicated
 
 
72
 
The beauty of software is in its function,in its internal structure,and in the way in which it is created by a team.To a user,a program with just the right features presented through an intuitive and(71)interface is beautiful.To a software designer,an internal structure that is partitioned in a simple and intuitive manner,and that minimizes internal coupling is beautiful.To developers and managers,a motivated team of developers making significant progress every week,and producing defect-free code,is beautifUl?There is beauty on all these levels.
Our world needs software-lots of software.Fifty years ago software was something that ran in a few big and expensive machines.Thirty years ago it was something that ran in most companies and industrial settings.Now there is software running in our cell phones,watches,appliances,automobiles,toys,and tools.And need for new and better software never(72).As our civilization grows and expands,as developing nations build their infrastructures,as developed nations strive to achieve ever greater efficiencies,the need for more and more software(73)to increase.It would be a great shame if,in all that software,there was no beauty.
We know that software can be ugly.We know that it can be hard to use,unreliable,and carelessly structured.We know that there are software systems whose tangled and careless internal structures make them expensive and difficult to change.We know that there are software systems that present their features through an awkward and cumbersome interface.We know that there are software systems that crash and misbehave.These are(74)systems.Unfortunately,as a profession,software developers tend to create more ugly systems than beauti ful ones.
There is a secret that the best software developers know.Beauty is cheaper than ugliness.Beauty is faster than ugliness.A beautifiil software system can be built and maintained in less time,and for less money,than an ugly one.Novice software developers don't understand this.They think that they have to do everything fast and quick.They think that beauty is(75).No!By doing things fast and quick,they make messes that make the software stiff,and hard to understand.Beautiful systems are flexible and easy to understand.Building them and maintaining them is a joy.It is ugliness that is impractical.Ugliness will slow you down and make your software expensive and brittle.Beautiful systems cost the least to build and maintain,and are delivered soonest.
 
 
  A.  happens
 
  B.  exists
 
  C.  stops
 
  D.  starts
 
 
73
 
The beauty of software is in its function,in its internal structure,and in the way in which it is created by a team.To a user,a program with just the right features presented through an intuitive and(71)interface is beautiful.To a software designer,an internal structure that is partitioned in a simple and intuitive manner,and that minimizes internal coupling is beautiful.To developers and managers,a motivated team of developers making significant progress every week,and producing defect-free code,is beautifUl?There is beauty on all these levels.
Our world needs software-lots of software.Fifty years ago software was something that ran in a few big and expensive machines.Thirty years ago it was something that ran in most companies and industrial settings.Now there is software running in our cell phones,watches,appliances,automobiles,toys,and tools.And need for new and better software never(72).As our civilization grows and expands,as developing nations build their infrastructures,as developed nations strive to achieve ever greater efficiencies,the need for more and more software(73)to increase.It would be a great shame if,in all that software,there was no beauty.
We know that software can be ugly.We know that it can be hard to use,unreliable,and carelessly structured.We know that there are software systems whose tangled and careless internal structures make them expensive and difficult to change.We know that there are software systems that present their features through an awkward and cumbersome interface.We know that there are software systems that crash and misbehave.These are(74)systems.Unfortunately,as a profession,software developers tend to create more ugly systems than beauti ful ones.
There is a secret that the best software developers know.Beauty is cheaper than ugliness.Beauty is faster than ugliness.A beautifiil software system can be built and maintained in less time,and for less money,than an ugly one.Novice software developers don't understand this.They think that they have to do everything fast and quick.They think that beauty is(75).No!By doing things fast and quick,they make messes that make the software stiff,and hard to understand.Beautiful systems are flexible and easy to understand.Building them and maintaining them is a joy.It is ugliness that is impractical.Ugliness will slow you down and make your software expensive and brittle.Beautiful systems cost the least to build and maintain,and are delivered soonest.
 
 
  A.  starts
 
  B.  continues
 
  C.  appears
 
  D.  stops
 
 
74
 
The beauty of software is in its function,in its internal structure,and in the way in which it is created by a team.To a user,a program with just the right features presented through an intuitive and(71)interface is beautiful.To a software designer,an internal structure that is partitioned in a simple and intuitive manner,and that minimizes internal coupling is beautiful.To developers and managers,a motivated team of developers making significant progress every week,and producing defect-free code,is beautifUl?There is beauty on all these levels.
Our world needs software-lots of software.Fifty years ago software was something that ran in a few big and expensive machines.Thirty years ago it was something that ran in most companies and industrial settings.Now there is software running in our cell phones,watches,appliances,automobiles,toys,and tools.And need for new and better software never(72).As our civilization grows and expands,as developing nations build their infrastructures,as developed nations strive to achieve ever greater efficiencies,the need for more and more software(73)to increase.It would be a great shame if,in all that software,there was no beauty.
We know that software can be ugly.We know that it can be hard to use,unreliable,and carelessly structured.We know that there are software systems whose tangled and careless internal structures make them expensive and difficult to change.We know that there are software systems that present their features through an awkward and cumbersome interface.We know that there are software systems that crash and misbehave.These are(74)systems.Unfortunately,as a profession,software developers tend to create more ugly systems than beauti ful ones.
There is a secret that the best software developers know.Beauty is cheaper than ugliness.Beauty is faster than ugliness.A beautifiil software system can be built and maintained in less time,and for less money,than an ugly one.Novice software developers don't understand this.They think that they have to do everything fast and quick.They think that beauty is(75).No!By doing things fast and quick,they make messes that make the software stiff,and hard to understand.Beautiful systems are flexible and easy to understand.Building them and maintaining them is a joy.It is ugliness that is impractical.Ugliness will slow you down and make your software expensive and brittle.Beautiful systems cost the least to build and maintain,and are delivered soonest.
 
 
  A.  practical
 
  B.  useful
 
  C.  beautiful
 
  D.  ugly
 
 
75
 
The beauty of software is in its function,in its internal structure,and in the way in which it is created by a team.To a user,a program with just the right features presented through an intuitive and(71)interface is beautiful.To a software designer,an internal structure that is partitioned in a simple and intuitive manner,and that minimizes internal coupling is beautiful.To developers and managers,a motivated team of developers making significant progress every week,and producing defect-free code,is beautifUl?There is beauty on all these levels.
Our world needs software-lots of software.Fifty years ago software was something that ran in a few big and expensive machines.Thirty years ago it was something that ran in most companies and industrial settings.Now there is software running in our cell phones,watches,appliances,automobiles,toys,and tools.And need for new and better software never(72).As our civilization grows and expands,as developing nations build their infrastructures,as developed nations strive to achieve ever greater efficiencies,the need for more and more software(73)to increase.It would be a great shame if,in all that software,there was no beauty.
We know that software can be ugly.We know that it can be hard to use,unreliable,and carelessly structured.We know that there are software systems whose tangled and careless internal structures make them expensive and difficult to change.We know that there are software systems that present their features through an awkward and cumbersome interface.We know that there are software systems that crash and misbehave.These are(74)systems.Unfortunately,as a profession,software developers tend to create more ugly systems than beauti ful ones.
There is a secret that the best software developers know.Beauty is cheaper than ugliness.Beauty is faster than ugliness.A beautifiil software system can be built and maintained in less time,and for less money,than an ugly one.Novice software developers don't understand this.They think that they have to do everything fast and quick.They think that beauty is(75).No!By doing things fast and quick,they make messes that make the software stiff,and hard to understand.Beautiful systems are flexible and easy to understand.Building them and maintaining them is a joy.It is ugliness that is impractical.Ugliness will slow you down and make your software expensive and brittle.Beautiful systems cost the least to build and maintain,and are delivered soonest.
 
 
  A.  impractical
 
  B.  perfect
 
  C.  time-wasting
 
  D.  practical